American Homes 4 Rent Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2018 Financial and Operating Results

American Homes 4 Rent Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2018 Financial and Operating Results

PR Newswire

AGOURA HILLS, Calif., Feb. 21, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- American Homes 4 Rent (NYSE: AMH) (the "Company"), a leading provider of high quality single-family homes for rent, today announced its financial and operating results for the quarter and full year ended December 31, 2018.

American Homes 4 Rent is a leader in the single-family home rental industry and "American Homes 4 Rent" is fast becoming a nationally recognized brand for rental homes, known for high quality, good value and tenant satisfaction. We are an internally managed Maryland real estate investment trust, or REIT, focused on acquiring, renovating, leasing, and operating attractive single-family homes as rental properties. As of March 31, 2014, we owned 25,505 single-family properties in selected submarkets in 22 states. Additional information about American Homes 4 Rent is available on our website at  www.americanhomes4rent.com . (PRNewsFoto/American Homes 4 Rent) (PRNewsfoto/American Homes 4 Rent)

Highlights

  • Total revenues increased 11.3% to $270.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2018 from $242.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2017.
  • Net income attributable to common shareholders totaled $17.6 million, or $0.06 income per diluted share, for the fourth quarter of 2018, compared to a net loss attributable to common shareholders of $22.0 million, or a $0.08 loss per diluted share, for the fourth quarter of 2017.
  • Core Funds from Operations attributable to common share and unit holders for the fourth quarter of 2018 was $98.5 million, or $0.28 per FFO share and unit, compared to $89.4 million, or $0.26 per FFO share and unit, for the same period in 2017, which represents a 7.0% increase on a per share and unit basis.
  • Adjusted Funds from Operations attributable to common share and unit holders for the fourth quarter of 2018 was $86.9 million, or $0.25 per FFO share and unit, compared to $79.8 million, or $0.23 per FFO share and unit, for the same period in 2017.
  • Core Net Operating Income ("Core NOI") margin on Same-Home properties was 65.6% for the fourth quarter of 2018, compared to 65.5% for the same period in 2017.
  • Core NOI after capital expenditures from Same-Home properties increased by 3.6% year-over-year for the fourth quarter of 2018.
  • Same-Home portfolio Average Occupied Days Percentage increased to 94.8% for the fourth quarter of 2018, compared to 94.0% for the fourth quarter of 2017, while achieving 3.4% growth in Average Monthly Realized Rent per property for the same comparable periods.
  • In November 2018, paid off the $115.0 million exchangeable senior notes (see "Capital Activities and Balance Sheet").
  • In January 2019, issued $400.0 million of 4.90% unsecured senior notes due 2029 (see "Capital Activities and Balance Sheet").

"American Homes 4 Rent had a strong finish to 2018, with a 3.6% growth in fourth quarter Core NOI after capital expenditures from Same-Home properties, fueled by an 80 basis point increase in average occupied days percentage and 3.4% growth in average monthly realized rent per property," stated David Singelyn, American Homes 4 Rent's Chief Executive Officer.  "We are entering 2019 in a position of strength, with 2018 year-end portfolio occupancy 260 basis points higher than a year ago.  Our teams have never been stronger and, coupled with the continued strong demand for single-family rentals, we are ideally positioned for profitable growth in 2019 and to create long-term value for our shareholders."

Fourth Quarter 2018 Financial Results

Net income attributable to common shareholders totaled $17.6 million, or $0.06 income per diluted share, for the fourth quarter of 2018, compared to a net loss attributable to common shareholders of $22.0 million, or a $0.08 loss per diluted share, for the fourth quarter of 2017. This increase was primarily attributable to higher revenues resulting from a larger number of leased properties and higher rental rates, as well as the redemption of the Series A and Series B participating preferred shares through a conversion into Class A common shares during the fourth quarter of 2017.

Total revenues increased 11.3% to $270.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2018 from $242.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2017. Revenue growth was primarily driven by continued strong acquisition and leasing activity, as our average leased portfolio grew to 47,991 homes for the quarter ended December 31, 2018, compared to 46,511 homes for the quarter ended December 31, 2017, as well as higher rental rates.

Core NOI on our total portfolio increased 10.8% to $151.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2018, compared to $136.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2017. This increase was primarily due to growth in rental income resulting from a larger number of leased properties and higher rental rates.

Core revenues from Same-Home properties increased 4.1% to $172.4 million for the fourth quarter of 2018, compared to $165.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2017. This growth was primarily driven by a 3.4% increase in Average Monthly Realized Rent and an increase in Average Occupied Days Percentage to 94.8% from 94.0%. Core property operating expenses from Same-Home properties increased 4.0% from $57.1 million for the fourth quarter of 2017 to $59.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2018, which was primarily attributable to property tax expense growth and an increase in HOA fees, net. 

Core NOI from Same-Home properties increased 4.2% to $113.0 million for the fourth quarter of 2018, compared to $108.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2017. After capital expenditures, Core NOI from Same-Home properties increased 3.6% to $106.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2018, compared to $102.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2017.  The increase in Core NOI from Same-Home properties was primarily attributable to an increase in rental revenue driven by higher Average Monthly Realized Rent and Average Occupied Days Percentage during the fourth quarter of 2018. The resulting increase in Core NOI After Capital Expenditures from Same-Home properties was offset, in part, by higher Recurring Capital Expenditures resulting from expansion of our strategic preventative maintenance program.

Core Funds from Operations attributable to common share and unit holders ("Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders") was $98.5 million, or $0.28 per FFO share and unit, for the fourth quarter of 2018, compared to $89.4 million, or $0.26 per FFO share and unit, for the fourth quarter of 2017. Adjusted Funds from Operations attributable to common share and unit holders ("Adjusted FFO attributable to common share and unit holders") for the fourth quarter of 2018 was $86.9 million, or $0.25 per FFO share and unit, compared to $79.8 million, or $0.23 per FFO share and unit, for the fourth quarter of 2017. This improvement was primarily attributable to increases in rental revenue driven by a larger number of leased properties and higher rental rates.

Full Year 2018 Financial Results

Net income attributable to common shareholders totaled $23.5 million, or $0.08 income per diluted share, for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared to a net loss attributable to common shareholders of $22.1 million, or a $0.08 loss per diluted share, for the year ended December 31, 2017. This increase was primarily attributable to higher revenues resulting from a larger number of leased properties and higher rental rates.

Total revenues increased 11.7% to $1.1 billion for the year ended December 31, 2018, from $960.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Revenue growth was primarily driven by continued strong leasing activity, as our average leased portfolio grew to 47,735 homes for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared to 45,839 homes for the year ended December 31, 2017, as well as higher rental rates.

Core NOI on our total portfolio increased 9.2% to $580.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared to $531.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. This increase was primarily due to growth in rental income resulting from a larger number of leased properties and higher rental rates.

Core revenues from Same-Home properties increased 3.9% to $683.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared to $657.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. This growth was primarily driven by a 3.6% increase in Average Monthly Realized Rent. Core property operating expenses from Same-Home properties increased 5.8% from $229.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, to $243.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, which was primarily attributable to temporarily elevated turnover costs through April 2018, incurred as part of the Company's initiative to strengthen occupancy.  

Core NOI from Same-Home properties increased 2.8% to $439.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared to $427.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. After capital expenditures, Core NOI from Same-Home properties increased 2.7% to $412.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, from $401.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. The increases in Core NOI from Same-Home properties and Core NOI After Capital Expenditures from Same-Home properties were primarily attributable to increases in rental revenue driven by higher Average Monthly Realized Rent and Average Occupied Days Percentage, during the year ended December 31, 2018, offset by higher R&M, turnover costs and Recurring Capital Expenditures during the year ended December 31, 2018.   

Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders was $371.6 million, or $1.06 per FFO share and unit, for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared to $327.0 million, or $1.02 per FFO share and unit, for the year ended December 31, 2017. Adjusted FFO attributable to common share and unit holders for the year ended December 31, 2018, was $323.1 million, or $0.92 per FFO share and unit, compared to $287.0 million, or $0.90 per FFO share and unit, for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Portfolio

As of December 31, 2018, the Company had a total leased percentage of 94.8%, compared to 95.2% as of September 30, 2018. The leased percentage on Same-Home properties was 96.4% as of December 31, 2018, compared to 96.3% as of September 30, 2018.

Investments

As of December 31, 2018, the Company's total portfolio consisted of 52,783 homes, including 1,945 properties to be disposed, compared to 52,464 homes as of September 30, 2018, including 2,266 properties to be disposed, an increase of 319 homes, which included 479 homes acquired through traditional acquisition channels, 220 newly constructed properties delivered through our AMH Development and National Builder Programs and 380 homes sold.

Capital Activities and Balance Sheet

In November 2018, the Company extinguished the $115.0 million exchangeable senior notes by electing the cash settlement option, which resulted in an aggregate payment of $135.1 million to the holders of the notes based on the exchange value formula as described in the indenture with respect to the notes.

As of December 31, 2018, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $30.3 million and had total outstanding debt of $2.8 billion, excluding unamortized discounts and unamortized deferred loan costs, with a weighted-average stated interest rate of 4.21% and a weighted-average term to maturity of 13.4 years. The Company had $250.0 million of outstanding borrowings on our $800.0 million revolving credit facility and had $100.0 million of outstanding borrowings on our term loan facility at the end of the year.

In January 2019, the Operating Partnership issued $400.0 million of 4.90% unsecured senior notes with a maturity date of February 15, 2029. Interest on the notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year, commencing on August 15, 2019. The Operating Partnership received net proceeds of $395.3 million from this offering, after underwriting fees of approximately $2.6 million and a $2.1 million discount, and before estimated offering costs of $1.0 million. The Operating Partnership used the net proceeds from this issuance to repay amounts outstanding on our revolving credit facility and intends to use the remaining net proceeds for general corporate purposes, including, without limitation, acquisition of additional properties, the repayment of outstanding indebtedness, capital expenditures, the expansion, redevelopment and/or improvement of our properties in our portfolio, working capital and other general purposes, including repurchases of securities.

2019 Guidance

Guidance Summary




Full Year 2019

Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders


$1.06 - $1.14




Same-Home



Core revenues growth


3.2% - 4.2%

Core property operating expenses growth


3.5% - 4.5%

Core NOI After Capital Expenditures growth


2.6% - 3.6%

 

Reconciliation of Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders from 2018 to 2019 Guidance Midpoint




Per FFO Share
and Unit

2018 Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders, as reported


$

1.06


Change in accounting principle (1)


(0.02)


2018 Pro Forma Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders


$

1.04





Same-Home Core NOI growth


0.05


Non-Same-Home Core NOI growth (2)


0.05


General and administrative expense growth


(0.01)


Interest expense and preferred dividends increase


(0.02)


Share count increase


(0.01)





2019 Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders - Guidance Midpoint


$

1.10




(1)

Represents impact related to the Company's January 1, 2019 adoption of the new GAAP leasing standard as if adopted on January 1, 2018, and as discussed in the Defined Terms and Non-GAAP reconciliations section.

(2)

Reflects NOI from Non-Same-Home properties including contribution from 2018 and projected 2019 net acquisitions and dispositions. For 2019, we expect to add between $300.0 million and $500.0 million of properties to our portfolio, the timing of which is expected to be more heavily weighted towards the second half of the year.

Note: The Company does not provide guidance for the most comparable GAAP financial measures of net income or loss, total revenues and property operating expenses, or a reconciliation of the above-listed forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures to the comparable GAAP financial measures because we are unable to reasonably predict certain items contained in the GAAP measures, including non-recurring and infrequent items that are not indicative of the Company's ongoing operations. Such items include, but are not limited to, net gain or loss on sales and impairment of single-family properties, casualty loss, Non-Same-Home revenues and Non-Same-Home property operating expenses. These items are uncertain, depend on various factors and could have a material impact on our GAAP results for the guidance period.

Additional Information

A copy of the Company's Fourth Quarter 2018 Earnings Release and Supplemental Information Package and this press release are available on our website at www.americanhomes4rent.com. This information has also been furnished to the SEC in a current report on Form 8-K.

Conference Call

A conference call is scheduled on Friday, February 22, 2019, at 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time to discuss the Company's financial results for the quarter and full year ended December 31, 2018, and to provide an update on its business. The domestic dial-in number is (877) 451-6152 (for U.S. and Canada) and the international dial-in number is (201) 389-0879 (passcode not required). A simultaneous audio webcast may be accessed by using the link at www.americanhomes4rent.com, under "For Investors." A replay of the conference call may be accessed through Friday, March 8, 2019, by calling (844) 512-2921 (U.S. and Canada) or (412) 317-6671 (international), replay passcode number 13686527#, or by using the link at www.americanhomes4rent.com, under "For Investors."

About American Homes 4 Rent

American Homes 4 Rent (NYSE: AMH) is a leader in the single-family home rental industry and "American Homes 4 Rent" is fast becoming a nationally recognized brand for rental homes, known for high quality, good value and tenant satisfaction. We are an internally managed Maryland real estate investment trust, or REIT, focused on acquiring, renovating, leasing, and operating attractive, single-family homes as rental properties. As of December 31, 2018, we owned 52,783 single-family properties in selected submarkets in 22 states.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains "forward-looking statements." These forward-looking statements relate to beliefs, expectations or intentions and similar statements concerning matters that are not of historical fact and are generally accompanied by words such as "estimate," "project," "predict," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "potential," "plan," "goal," "outlook," "guidance" or other words that convey the uncertainty of future events or outcomes. Examples of forward-looking statements contained in this press release include, among others, our belief that there will be continued strong demand for single-family rentals and we will continue to optimize operations to create long-term shareholder value. The Company has based these forward-looking statements on its current expectations and assumptions about future events. While the Company's management considers these expectations to be reasonable, they are inherently subject to risks, contingencies and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond the Company's control and could cause actual results to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Investors should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this press release. The Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to conform to actual results or changes in its expectations, unless required by applicable law. For a further description of the risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from those expressed in these forward-looking statements, as well as risks relating to the business of the Company in general, see the "Risk Factors" disclosed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, and in the Company's subsequent filings with the SEC.

 

American Homes 4 Rent

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)



December 31, 2018


December 31, 2017


(Unaudited)



Assets




Single-family properties:




Land

$

1,713,496



$

1,665,631


Buildings and improvements

7,483,600



7,303,270



9,197,096



8,968,901


Less: accumulated depreciation

(1,176,499)



(939,724)


Single-family properties in operation, net

8,020,597



8,029,177


Single-family properties under development and development land

153,651



51,938


Single-family properties held for sale, net

318,327



35,803


Total real estate assets, net

8,492,575



8,116,918


Cash and cash equivalents

30,284



46,156


Restricted cash

144,930



136,667


Rent and other receivables, net

29,027



30,144


Escrow deposits, prepaid expenses and other assets

146,034



119,913


Deferred costs and other intangibles, net

12,686



13,025


Asset-backed securitization certificates

25,666



25,666


Goodwill

120,279



120,279


Total assets

$

9,001,481



$

8,608,768






Liabilities




Revolving credit facility

$

250,000



$

140,000


Term loan facility, net

99,232



198,023


Asset-backed securitizations, net

1,961,511



1,977,308


Unsecured senior notes, net

492,800




Exchangeable senior notes, net



111,697


Secured note payable



48,859


Accounts payable and accrued expenses

219,229



222,867


Amounts payable to affiliates

4,967



4,720


Participating preferred shares derivative liability



29,470


Total liabilities

3,027,739



2,732,944






Commitments and contingencies








Equity




Shareholders' equity:




Class A common shares, $0.01 par value per share, 450,000,000 shares authorized, 296,014,546 and 286,114,637 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively

2,960



2,861


Class B common shares, $0.01 par value per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 635,075 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017

6



6


Preferred shares, $0.01 par value per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 35,350,000 and 38,350,000 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively

354



384


Additional paid-in capital

5,732,466



5,600,256


Accumulated deficit

(491,214)



(453,953)


Accumulated other comprehensive income

7,393



75


Total shareholders' equity

5,251,965



5,149,629


Noncontrolling interest

721,777



726,195


Total equity

5,973,742



5,875,824






Total liabilities and equity

$

9,001,481



$

8,608,768


 

American Homes 4 Rent

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)




For the Three Months Ended
December 31,


For the Years Ended
December 31,



2018


2017


2018


2017



(Unaudited)


(Unaudited)


(Unaudited)



Revenues:









Rents from single-family properties


$

232,378



$

210,778



$

908,936



$

824,023


Fees from single-family properties


2,648



2,590



10,946



10,727


Tenant charge-backs


33,917



28,232



146,793



120,081


Other


1,373



1,201



6,180



5,568


Total revenues


270,316



242,801



1,072,855



960,399











Expenses:









Property operating expenses


99,475



87,871



412,905



355,074


Property management expenses


18,105



17,345



74,573



69,712


General and administrative expense


8,402



7,986



36,575



34,732


Interest expense


30,691



25,747



122,900



112,620


Acquisition fees and costs expensed


1,538



809



5,225



4,623


Depreciation and amortization


81,123



75,831



318,685



297,290


Hurricane-related charges, net




(2,173)





7,963


Other


3,745



803



7,265



5,005


Total expenses


243,079



214,219



978,128



887,019











Gain on sale of single-family properties and other, net


7,497



451



17,946



6,826


Loss on early extinguishment of debt






(1,447)



(6,555)


Remeasurement of participating preferred shares




1,500



1,212



2,841











Net income


34,734



30,533



112,438



76,492











Noncontrolling interest


3,320



(4,485)



4,165



(4,507)


Dividends on preferred shares


13,782



14,596



52,586



60,718


Redemption of participating preferred shares




42,416



32,215



42,416











Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders


$

17,632



$

(21,994)



$

23,472



$

(22,135)











Weighted-average shares outstanding:









Basic


296,559,183



286,469,724



293,640,500



264,254,718


Diluted


297,067,211



286,469,724



294,268,330



264,254,718











Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per share:









Basic


$

0.06



$

(0.08)



$

0.08



$

(0.08)


Diluted


$

0.06



$

(0.08)



$

0.08



$

(0.08)


Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This press release and the Fourth Quarter 2018 Earnings Release and Supplemental Information Package include Funds from Operations attributable to common share and unit holders ("FFO attributable to common share and unit holders"), Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders, Adjusted FFO attributable to common share and unit holders, Core NOI, Same-Home Core NOI and Same-Home Core NOI After Capital Expenditures, which are non-GAAP financial measures. We believe these measures are helpful in understanding our financial performance and are widely used in the REIT industry. Because other REITs may not compute these financial measures in the same manner, they may not be comparable among REITs. In addition, these metrics are not substitutes for net income or loss or net cash flows from operating activities, as defined by GAAP, as measures of our operating performance, liquidity or ability to pay dividends. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures are included in this press release and in the Fourth Quarter 2018 Earnings Release and Supplemental Information Package.

Funds from Operations attributable to common share and unit holders

The following is a reconciliation of net income or loss attributable to common shareholders to FFO attributable to common share and unit holders, Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders and Adjusted FFO attributable to common share and unit holders for the quarters and years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (amounts in thousands, except share data):


For the Three Months Ended
December 31,


For the Years Ended
December 31,


2018


2017


2018


2017


(Unaudited)


(Unaudited)


(Unaudited)


(Unaudited)

Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders

$

17,632



$

(21,994)



$

23,472



$

(22,135)


Adjustments:








Noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership

3,320



(4,618)



4,424



(4,648)


Net (gain) loss on sale / impairment of single-family properties and other

(4,435)



443



(12,088)



(2,146)


Depreciation and amortization

81,123



75,831



318,685



297,290


Less: depreciation and amortization of non-real estate assets

(1,890)



(1,797)



(7,352)



(7,847)


FFO attributable to common share and unit holders

$

95,750



$

47,865



$

327,141



$

260,514


Adjustments:








Acquisition fees and costs expensed

1,538



809



5,225



4,623


Noncash share-based compensation - general and administrative

466



646



2,075



2,563


Noncash share-based compensation - property management

217



391



1,358



1,649


Noncash interest expense related to acquired debt

493



925



3,303



3,549


Hurricane-related charges, net



(2,173)





7,963


Loss on early extinguishment of debt





1,447



6,555


Remeasurement of participating preferred shares



(1,500)



(1,212)



(2,841)


Redemption of participating preferred shares



42,416



32,215



42,416


Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders

$

98,464



$

89,379



$

371,552



$

326,991


Recurring capital expenditures (1)

(8,546)



(7,501)



(35,888)



(32,556)


Leasing costs

(3,047)



(2,029)



(12,603)



(7,390)


Adjusted FFO attributable to common share and unit holders

$

86,871



$

79,849



$

323,061



$

287,045










Per FFO share and unit:








FFO attributable to common share and unit holders

$

0.27



$

0.14



$

0.94



$

0.81


Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders

$

0.28



$

0.26



$

1.06



$

1.02


Adjusted FFO attributable to common share and unit holders

$

0.25



$

0.23



$

0.92



$

0.90










Weighted-average FFO shares and units:








Common shares outstanding

296,559,183



286,469,724



293,640,500



264,254,718


Share-based compensation plan (2)

508,028



696,037



627,830



735,415


Operating partnership units

55,349,791



55,353,391



55,350,062



55,498,488


Total weighted-average FFO shares and units

352,417,002



342,519,152



349,618,392



320,488,621




(1)

As a portion of our homes are recently acquired and / or renovated, we estimate recurring capital expenditures for our entire portfolio by multiplying (a) current period actual recurring capital expenditures per Same-Home Property by (b) our total number of properties, excluding non-stabilized properties and properties identified as part of our disposition program, comprised of properties classified as held for sale and identified for future sale.

(2)

Reflects the effect of potentially dilutive securities issuable upon the assumed vesting / exercise of restricted stock units and stock options.

FFO attributable to common share and unit holders is a non-GAAP financial measure that we calculate in accordance with the White Paper on FFO approved by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts ("NAREIT"), which defines FFO as net income or loss calculated in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains and losses from sales or impairment of  real estate, plus real estate-related depreciation and amortization (excluding amortization of deferred financing costs and depreciation of non-real estate assets), and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures calculated to reflect FFO on the same basis.

Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders is a non-GAAP financial measure that we use as a supplemental measure of our performance. We compute this metric by adjusting FFO attributable to common share and unit holders for (1) acquisition fees and costs expensed incurred with business combinations and the acquisition of properties, (2) noncash share-based compensation expense, (3) noncash interest expense related to acquired debt, (4) hurricane-related charges, net, (5) gain or loss on early extinguishment of debt, (6) noncash fair value adjustments associated with remeasuring our participating preferred shares derivative liability to fair value, and (7) the allocation of income to our participating preferred shares in connection with their redemption.

Adjusted FFO attributable to common share and unit holders is a non-GAAP financial measure that we use as a supplemental measure of our performance.  We compute this metric by adjusting Core FFO attributable to common share and unit holders for (1) recurring capital expenditures that are necessary to help preserve the value and maintain functionality of our properties and (2) actual leasing costs incurred during the period. As a portion of our homes are recently acquired and/or renovated, we estimate recurring capital expenditures for our entire portfolio by multiplying (a) current period actual recurring capital expenditures per Same-Home Property by (b) our total number of properties, excluding non-stabilized properties and properties identified as part of our disposition program, which is comprised of properties classified as held for sale and properties identified for future sale.

We present FFO attributable to common share and unit holders, as well as on a per FFO share and unit basis, because we consider this metric to be an important measure of the performance of real estate companies, as do many investors and analysts in evaluating the Company. We believe that FFO attributable to common share and unit holders provides useful information to investors because  this metric excludes depreciation, which is included in computing net income and assumes the value of real estate diminishes predictably over time. We believe that real estate values fluctuate due to market conditions and in response to inflation. We also believe that Core FFO and Adjusted FFO attributable to common share and unit holders, as well as on a per FFO share and unit basis, provide useful information to investors because they allow investors to compare our operating performance to prior reporting periods without the effect of certain items that, by nature, are not comparable from period to period.

FFO, Core FFO and Adjusted FFO attributable to common share and unit holders are not a substitute for net income or loss per share or net cash provided by operating activities, each as determined in accordance with GAAP, as a measure of our operating performance, liquidity or ability to pay dividends. These metrics also are not necessarily indicative of cash available to fund future cash needs. Because other REITs may not compute these measures in the same manner, they may not be comparable among REITs.

Core Net Operating Income

Core NOI, which we also present separately for our Same-Home portfolio, is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure that we define as core revenues, which is calculated as rents and fees from single-family properties, net of bad debt expense, less core property operating expenses, which is calculated as property operating and property management expenses, excluding noncash share-based compensation expense, expenses reimbursed by tenant charge-backs and bad debt expense. Our Same-Home portfolio consists of our single-family properties that have been stabilized longer than 90 days prior to the beginning of the earliest period presented, and that have not been classified as held for sale, identified for future sale or taken out of service as a result of a casualty loss.

Core NOI also excludes (1) noncash fair value adjustments associated with remeasuring our participating preferred shares derivative liability to fair value, (2) noncash gain or loss on conversion of shares or units, (3) gain or loss on early extinguishment of debt, (4) hurricane-related charges, net, (5) gain or loss on sales of single-family properties and other, (6) depreciation and amortization, (7) acquisition fees and costs expensed incurred with business combinations and the acquisition of properties, (8) noncash share-based compensation expense, (9) interest expense, (10) general and administrative expense, (11) other expenses and (12) other revenues. We believe Core NOI provides useful information to investors about the operating performance of our single-family properties without the impact of certain operating expenses that are reimbursed through tenant charge-backs. We further adjust Core NOI for our Same-Home portfolio by subtracting recurring capital expenditures to calculate Same-Home Core NOI After Capital Expenditures, which we believe provides useful information to investors because it more fully reflects our operating performance after the impact of all property-level expenditures, regardless of whether they are capitalized or expensed.

Core NOI and Same-Home Core NOI After Capital Expenditures should be considered only as supplements to net income or loss as a measure of our performance and should not be used as measures of our liquidity, nor are they indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to pay dividends or make distributions. Additionally, these metrics should not be used as substitutes for net income or loss or net cash flows from operating activities (as computed in accordance with GAAP).

The following are reconciliations of core revenues, core property operating expenses, Core NOI, Same-Home Core NOI and Same-Home Core NOI After Capital Expenditures to their respective GAAP metrics for the quarters and years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (amounts in thousands):


For the Three Months Ended
December 31,


For the Years Ended
December 31,


2018


2017


2018


2017


(Unaudited)


(Unaudited)


(Unaudited)


(Unaudited)

Core revenues








Total revenues

$

270,316



$

242,801



$

1,072,855



$

960,399


Tenant charge-backs

(33,917)



(28,232)



(146,793)



(120,081)


Bad debt expense

(2,367)



(2,186)



(8,732)



(7,328)


Other revenues

(1,373)



(1,201)



(6,180)



(5,568)


Core revenues

$

232,659



$

211,182



$

911,150



$

827,422



Core property operating expenses








Property operating expenses

$

99,475



$

87,871



$

412,905



$

355,074


Property management expenses

18,105



17,345



74,573



69,712


Noncash share-based compensation - property management

(217)



(391)



(1,358)



(1,649)


Expenses reimbursed by tenant charge-backs

(33,917)



(28,232)



(146,793)



(120,081)


Bad debt expense

(2,367)



(2,186)



(8,732)



(7,328)


Core property operating expenses

$

81,079



$

74,407



$

330,595



$

295,728



Core NOI, Same-Home Core NOI and Same-Home Core NOI After Capital Expenditures





Net income

$

34,734



$

30,533



$

112,438



$

76,492


Remeasurement of participating preferred shares



(1,500)



(1,212)



(2,841)


Loss on early extinguishment of debt





1,447



6,555


Hurricane-related charges, net



(2,173)





7,963


Gain on sale of single-family properties and other, net

(7,497)



(451)



(17,946)



(6,826)


Depreciation and amortization

81,123



75,831



318,685



297,290


Acquisition fees and costs expensed

1,538



809



5,225



4,623


Noncash share-based compensation - property management

217



391



1,358



1,649


Interest expense

30,691



25,747



122,900



112,620


General and administrative expense

8,402



7,986



36,575



34,732


Other expenses

3,745



803



7,265



5,005


Other revenues

(1,373)



(1,201)



(6,180)



(5,568)


Core NOI

151,580



136,775



580,555



531,694


Less: Non-Same-Home Core NOI

38,542



28,261



140,669



103,974


Same-Home Core NOI

113,038



108,514



439,886



427,720


Less: Same-Home recurring capital expenditures

6,582



5,772



27,506



26,052


Same-Home Core NOI After Capital Expenditures

$

106,456



$

102,742



$

412,380



$

401,668


 

Contact:
American Homes 4 Rent
Investor Relations
Phone: (855) 794-2447
Email: [email protected]

 

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SOURCE American Homes 4 Rent

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